Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into ATP, carbon dioxide, and water. Occurring in mitochondria, it's the primary way cells harvest energy from organic molecules. This process is essential for powering cellular activities.
Occurs in cytoplasm. Breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH. Anaerobic process - doesn't require oxygen.
Occurs in mitochondrial matrix. Completes glucose breakdown, producing 2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH₂ per glucose.
Occurs in inner mitochondrial membrane. Uses NADH and FADH₂ to generate ~32-34 ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ~38 ATP
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATP
Understanding metabolic rates and energy balance for health and fitness.
Mitochondrial diseases and metabolic disorders studied through respiration defects.